The woodwinds played in classical music are the flute, piccolo, bassoon, oboe, and clarinet. Brass instruments include the french horn and trumpet. Strings instruments are ones such as the violin, viola, cello, double bass, and harp. Other instruments include timpani and piano.
None of the instruments played in classical music were electronic, unlike some modern instruments. Opera singers had to have loud, powerful voices in order to be heard over the orchestra as microphones had not been invented yet.
Many instruments in classical music are still played today. Some have evolved over hundreds of years and some have mostly remained the same. The violin evolved during the Renaissance from earlier bowed instruments, but is an instrument that has mostly stayed the same. Trumpets have been around since 1500 BC, but they were given valves only about 200 years ago. Flutes developed from hollowed out bones with multiple holes, but work the same as modern flutes.
Related websites: https://kentchambermusic.com/most-popular-instruments-in-classical-music/
https://www.britannica.com/art/instrumentation-music/The-Classical-period
Dr. Mozart's Classical Music 